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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="https://www.guildsomm.com/cfs-file/__key/system/syndication/rss.xsl" media="screen"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><channel><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification</link><description /><dc:language>en-US</dc:language><generator>Telligent Community 13</generator><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification</link><pubDate>Tue, 11 Feb 2025 18:15:56 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Stacy Ladenburger</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Current Revision posted to Study-Guide by Stacy Ladenburger on 2/11/2025 6:15:56 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Oak&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will finally emerge from dormancy&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/178</link><pubDate>Tue, 18 Jun 2024 15:14:02 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 178 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 6/18/2024 3:14:02 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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&lt;div style="font-size: 90%;"&gt;Tags: Preview&lt;/div&gt;
</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/177</link><pubDate>Wed, 17 Jan 2024 07:23:03 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Jonathan Eichholz</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 177 posted to Study-Guide by Jonathan Eichholz on 1/17/2024 7:23:03 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/176</link><pubDate>Thu, 14 Apr 2022 16:25:44 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Jennifer Angelosante</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 176 posted to Study-Guide by Jennifer Angelosante on 4/14/2022 4:25:44 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/175</link><pubDate>Mon, 28 Mar 2022 03:41:07 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Sandra Ban</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 175 posted to Study-Guide by Sandra Ban on 3/28/2022 3:41:07 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/174</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Apr 2021 18:13:17 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Jennifer Angelosante</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 174 posted to Study-Guide by Jennifer Angelosante on 4/9/2021 6:13:17 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/173</link><pubDate>Wed, 18 Mar 2020 20:13:24 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Ashley Hausman MW</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 173 posted to Study-Guide by Ashley Hausman MW on 3/18/2020 8:13:24 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/172</link><pubDate>Wed, 18 Mar 2020 20:08:13 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Ashley Hausman MW</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 172 posted to Study-Guide by Ashley Hausman MW on 3/18/2020 8:08:13 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/4846.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/171</link><pubDate>Sat, 16 Feb 2019 02:44:36 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Stacy Ladenburger</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 171 posted to Study-Guide by Stacy Ladenburger on 2/16/2019 2:44:36 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification Study Guide</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/170</link><pubDate>Thu, 03 May 2018 22:35:19 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Stacy Ladenburger</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 170 posted to Study-Guide by Stacy Ladenburger on 5/3/2018 10:35:19 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/169</link><pubDate>Wed, 25 Oct 2017 16:13:12 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Vincent Morrow</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 169 posted to Study-Guide by Vincent Morrow on 10/25/2017 4:13:12 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Quizzes&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt=" " src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/168</link><pubDate>Tue, 10 Oct 2017 08:38:35 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>Vincent Morrow</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 168 posted to Study-Guide by Vincent Morrow on 10/10/2017 8:38:35 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" alt=" " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/167</link><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2017 07:25:10 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 167 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 6/1/2017 7:25:10 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" alt=" " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/166</link><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2017 07:22:37 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 166 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 6/1/2017 7:22:37 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" alt=" " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/165</link><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2017 07:18:12 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 165 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 6/1/2017 7:18:12 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="/resized-image/__size/640x480/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/13-328-00-00-00-01-63-97/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" alt=" " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will finally emerge from&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/164</link><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2017 07:15:36 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 164 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 6/1/2017 7:15:36 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/7367.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="/resized-image/__size/960x720/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/7367.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" alt=" " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will finally emerge from&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/163</link><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2017 07:13:34 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 163 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 6/1/2017 7:13:34 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/8863.Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="/resized-image/__size/1000x750/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/8863.Vine-Anatomy.jpg" alt=" " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will finally emerge from&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/162</link><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2017 07:06:04 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 162 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 6/1/2017 7:06:04 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="/resized-image/__size/1444x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" alt=" " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will finally emerge from&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/161</link><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2017 07:02:58 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 161 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 6/1/2017 7:02:58 AM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a href="/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/Vine-Anatomy.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="/resized-image/__size/1444x480/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-47/Vine-Anatomy.jpg" alt=" " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will finally emerge from&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/160</link><pubDate>Mon, 12 Dec 2016 23:32:54 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 160 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 12/12/2016 11:32:54 PM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class="paywall-restricted"&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="top"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will finally emerge from&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item><item><title>Viticulture and Vinification</title><link>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification/revision/159</link><pubDate>Wed, 26 Oct 2016 00:09:01 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="false">8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:0c88ac3d-bd82-4b60-b047-8cc22c9e9953</guid><dc:creator>GuildSomm Admin</dc:creator><comments>https://www.guildsomm.com/learn/study/w/study-wiki/212/viticulture-and-vinification#comments</comments><description>Revision 159 posted to Study-Guide by GuildSomm Admin on 10/26/2016 12:09:01 AM&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="style_box"&gt;Table of Contents
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;A Year in the Vineyard&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Climate, Terroir, and the Grapevine&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Training and Pruning&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vine Diseases and Insect Threats&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sustainable Models of Viticulture&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Vinification&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Red Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;White Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ros&amp;eacute; Wine Production&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Other Winemaking Areas of the US&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The Future of Winemaking&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Review Questions&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="01"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Viticulture
&lt;p class="callout"&gt;Man first domesticated Vitis vinifera, the species of climbing vine responsible for fine wine production, nearly 5,000 years before the Common Era.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;Viticulture, the study of grape growing, slowly developed in conjunction with the cultivation of the vine, as growers over time learned from instinct and observation. The grower or viticulturalist confronts decisions on vine training and pruning methods, canopy management, fertilization and irrigation, harvest dates, and disease control; and monitors the development of the vineyard in general. From Charlemagne&amp;rsquo;s directive to plant the vineyards of Corton where the snows melt first, to the widespread adoption of rootstock grafting to combat phylloxera, to the modern embrace of drip irrigation and mechanization, advances in viticulture aim to reduce the vagaries of weather and disease, and promote either the quantity or quality of wine. Rarely are these goals of quantity and quality aligned for the viticulturalist. Today, viticulture is a highly evolved science, and the development of the vine (and its transformation in the winery) is highly calculated to provide a desired character of fruit. While cold science governed many of the viticultural advancements of the last century, newer movements of sustainability have sprouted in reaction, and several distinct paths of viticulture exist for conscientious growers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class="toTopLink"&gt;BACK TO TOP&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;&lt;a name="02"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Year in the Vineyard
&lt;p style="text-align:justify;"&gt;The annual life cycle of the vine begins in the spring, with budbreak. The vine, which started “weeping” or “bleeding” watery sap from pruned canes sometime in February (in the Northern Hemisphere), will finally emerge from&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 
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</description></item></channel></rss>